Optogenetic Network Activity Modulation in Human Hippocampus
Abstract number :
1.074
Submission category :
1. Basic Mechanisms / 1E. Models
Year :
2024
Submission ID :
716
Source :
www.aesnet.org
Presentation date :
12/7/2024 12:00:00 AM
Published date :
Authors :
Presenting Author: John Andrews, MD – University of California-San Francisco
Sury Jinghui Geng, BS – University of California-Santa Cruz
Kateryna Voitiuk, BS – University of California-Santa Cruz
Matthew Elliot, MS – University of California-Santa Cruz
David Shin, PhD – University of California-San Francisco
Ash Robbins, BS – University of California-Santa Cruz
Alex Spaeth, BS – University of California-Santa Cruz
Albert Wang, BS – University of California-San Francisco
Lin Li, PhD – University of North Texas
Daniel Solis, BS – University of California-Santa Cruz
Matthew Keefe, PhD – University of California-San Francisco
Jessica Sevetson, PhD – University of California-Santa Cruz
Julio Rivera-de Jesus, BS – University of California-Berkeley
Kevin Donohue, BS – University of California-San Francisco
Hailey Larson, BS – University of California-San Francisco
Drew Ehrlich, BS – University of California-Santa Cruz
Kurtis Auguste, MD – University of California-San Francisco
Sofie Salama, PhD – University of California-Santa Cruz
Vikaas Sohal, MD/PhD – University of California-San Francisco
Tal Sharf, PhD – University of California-Santa Cruz
David Haussler, PhD – University of California-Santa Cruz
Cathryn Cadwell, MD/PhD – University of California-San Francisco
David Schaffer, PhD – University of California-Berkeley
Edward Chang, MD – University of California, San Francisco
Mircea Teodorescu, PhD – University of California-Santa Cruz
Tomasz Nowakowski, PhD – University of California-San Francisco
Rationale: Seizures are made up of the coordinated activity of networks of neurons. It follows that control of neurons in the pathologic circuits of epilepsy could allow for control of the disease. In non-human disease models of epilepsy, optogenetics has been effective at stopping seizure-like activity by increasing inhibitory tone or decreasing excitation. However, this has not been shown in human brain tissue. Many of the genetic means for achieving channelrhodopsin expression in non-human models are not possible in humans, and vector-mediated methods are susceptible to species-specific tropism that may affect translational potential. There is currently no platform for testing the effects of these potentially disease-modifying tools on network activity in human brain tissue.
Methods: Human hippocampus resected from patients with refractory epilepsy were collected, cut to 300um and plated at the air-fluid interface on cell-culture inserts. AAV transduction with channelrhodopsions driven by a glutamatergic promoter took place on the day of collection. Slices were plated on high-density micro-electrode arrays. Hyperactivity was promoted via bicuculline, low-magnesium media and kainic acid. Slices were illuminated by LED fiber-optics positioned over the slice using a custom recording chamber.
Results: Neuronal transduction ranged from 12 – 54% (median 23%). Illumination of slices expressing the depolarizing channelrhodopsin HcKCR1 caused reduction in network firing rates in 8/8 slices expressing HcKCR1. Reductions in network firing rates were significant in all conditions, physiologic media, GABAaR blockade, low-magnesium media and low-magnesium media with kainic acid
Conclusions: We demonstrate AAV-mediated, optogenetic reductions in network firing rates of human hippocampal slices recorded on high-density microelectrode arrays under several hyperactivity provoking conditions. This platform can serve to bridge the gap between human and animal studies by exploring genetic interventions on network activity human brain tissue.
Funding: This project was supported by the NINDS and NIH through UCSF grant number 5R25NS070680-13.
Basic Mechanisms