The role of energy metabolism in epilepsy has lagged despite knowledge that metabolic function have a profound impact on neurol excitability, a subset of inherited epilepsies directly arise from metabolic dysfunction, dietary therapies such as ketogenic diets exert remarkable control of epilepsies regardless of their etiology, and human and experimental epilepsy is associated with metabolic alterations. Current therapies are effective at symptomatic control of seizure activity in only two-thirds of epilepsy patients. A major gap in our knowledge is a better understanding of the metabolic underpinnings of genetic and acquired epilepsies. Addressing this gap can lead to the development of novel metabolism-based therapies to target seizures and/or associated comorbidities.