Obstructive Sleep Apnea Among Patients with Epilepsy: A Cross-sectional Study from Jordan
Abstract number :
3.27
Submission category :
6. Cormorbidity (Somatic and Psychiatric)
Year :
2022
Submission ID :
2204801
Source :
www.aesnet.org
Presentation date :
12/5/2022 12:00:00 PM
Published date :
Nov 22, 2022, 05:26 AM
Authors :
Abdel-Hameed Al-Mistarehi, MD – Johns Hopkins Hospital ; Ahmed Yassin, MD, CMQ – Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; Duaa AlTiti, MD – Department of Neurology – Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Khalid El-Salem, MD, FAAN – Full Professor, Department of Neurology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; Malak Albattah, MD – Department of Neurology – Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Shaima Obeidat, MD – Department of Neurology – Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Fatima Kasasbeh, MD – Department of Neurology – Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Munther Hammad, MD – Department of Internal Medicine – Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Bara Abujaber, MD – Department of dermatology – Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Salma Bashayreh, MD – Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Ola Soudah, PhD – Assistant Professor, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan; Basheer Khassawneh, MD, FCCP – Full Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
Rationale: Epilepsy is a common neurological condition that could be associated with comorbid conditions. Also, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent sleep disorder. The extent and clinical relevance of the association between these two diseases remain poorly understood, with limited evidence from developing countries. We aim to investigate the prevalence estimates and associated factors of OSA among patients with epilepsy.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in the North of Jordan. Adult patients with epilepsy who visited the neurology clinics between October 2021 and May 2022 were invited to participate. Demographics, comorbidities, epilepsy and seizure characteristics, and medical history were collected via structured interviews and medical records. The risk of OSA was evaluated using the STOP-BANG questionnaire.
Results: A total of 71 patients with epilepsy were included. Their mean (SD) age was 30.97 (13.25) years (range 18-65 years), 53.5% were women, 29.6% were current smokers, and 25.4% were obese. Generalized seizures were the most common type (47.9%). The mean (SD) duration of epilepsy since diagnosis was 10.16 (10.05) years. Nocturnal seizures were reported by 42.3%. Abnormal EEGs and brain imaging were captured in 70.4% and 32.4%, respectively. The mean (SD) STOP-BANG score was 2.06 (1.87) in our cohort, ranging between 0 and 8, with 26 (36.6%) having a high or intermediate risk for OSA (Figure 1). Interestingly, no participants were previously diagnosed with OSA or had undergone polysomnography. Most epileptic patients with a high risk for OSA were men and current smokers (88.9% and 77.7%, respectively) compared to 58.8% and 29.4% among intermediate OSA risk patients, while 33.3% and 22.2% were among low OSA risk patients (p=0.003, p=0.004; respectively). Also, the high risk for OSA was significantly associated with higher neck circumference (NC) and BMI (p< 0.001 for each). Among comorbidities, hypertension rates were higher among patients at high and intermediate risks for OSA (22.2% and 17.6%, respectively) than those at low OSA risk (2.2%) (p=0.042). Nocturnal seizures were significantly more prevalent among patients with high OSA risk (77.8%) than those with intermediate (29.4%) or low (40.0%) OSA risks (p=0.049). All patients with high OSA risk had abnormal EEGs compared to 64.7% and 66.7% among those with intermediate and low risks for OSA (p=0.032). There were no statistically significant differences in the OSA risk by age, epilepsy duration, seizure type and frequency, abnormal images, and types and numbers of anti-seizure medications.
Cormorbidity (Somatic and Psychiatric)